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Vocabulary list

kimi
pronoun
  1. you; buddy; pal (also used colloquially by young females)
noun
  1. monarch; ruler; sovereign; (one's) master (orig. meaning)
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ha
particle
  1. topic marker particle (pronounced わ in modern Japanese)
  2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
  3. adds emphasis
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itsu
itsu
Nidan verb (lower class) with 'tsu' ending (archaic), intransitive verb
  1. to freeze
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doitsugo
noun
  1. German (language)
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doitsu
noun
  1. Germany
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go
noun, noun, used as a suffix
  1. language
noun, noun, used as a suffix, counter
  1. word
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no
particle
  1. indicates possessive (occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
  2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives
  3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases
  4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion (often ん)
  5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
  6. (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
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benkyou
noun, suru verb
  1. study
  2. diligence
  3. discount; reduction
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wo
particle
  1. indicates direct object of action
  2. indicates subject of causative expression
  3. indicates an area traversed
  4. indicates time (period) over which action takes place
  5. indicates point of departure or separation of action
  6. indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
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hajimeru

Polite Past Indicative Form

hajimemashita
ichidan verb, transitive verb
  1. to start; to begin; to commence; to initiate; to originate
  2. to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to establish
auxiliary verb, ichidan verb
  1. to start ...; to begin to ... (after the -masu stem of a verb)
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ka
particle
  1. yes?; no?; isn't it?; is it? (used at sentence-end; indicates a question (sometimes rhetorical))
  2. or; whether or not (after each alternative)
  3. some- (e.g. something, someone) (after an interrogative)
  4. hmm; huh (indicates doubt, uncertainty, etc.; sometimes after other particles)
prefix
  1. very (emphatic prefix; usu. before an adjective)
suffix
  1. -al; -ial; -ic; -ical; -ish; -y (suffix forming adjectives or adverbs; after an indeclinable word)
adverb
  1. in that way
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