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When the school had no books or paper or pencils, she wrote the alphabet on the ground with a stick.
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Vocabulary list

gakkou
noun
  1. school
ni
particle
  1. at (place, time); in; on; during
  2. to (direction, state); toward; into
  3. for (purpose)
  4. because of (reason); for; with
  5. by; from
  6. as (i.e. in the role of)
  7. per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month")
  8. and; in addition to
  9. if; although
hon
noun
  1. book; volume; script
prefix
  1. this; present
  2. main; head
  3. real; regular
suffix, counter
  1. counter for long cylindrical things; counter for films, TV shows, etc.; counter for goals, home runs, etc.; counter for telephone calls (sometimes pronounced ぼん or ぽん)
ya
particle
  1. such things as ...; and ... and (used for non-exhaustive lists related to a specific time and place)
  2. the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; as soon as (after the dictionary form of a verb)
copula
  1. be; is
interjection
  1. o; oh (punctuational exclamation in haiku, renga, etc.)
  2. huh; what (interjection expressing surprise)
  3. hi
  4. yes; what?
particle
  1. yes?; no?; is it?; isn't it? (indicates a question)
ya
particle
  1. such things as ...; and ... and (used for non-exhaustive lists related to a specific time and place)
  2. the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; as soon as (after the dictionary form of a verb)
copula
  1. be; is
interjection
  1. o; oh (punctuational exclamation in haiku, renga, etc.)
  2. huh; what (interjection expressing surprise)
  3. hi
  4. yes; what?
particle
  1. yes?; no?; is it?; isn't it? (indicates a question)
enpitsu
noun
  1. pencil
ga
particle
  1. indicates sentence subject (occasionally object)
  2. indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions)
conjunction
  1. but; however; still; and
  2. regardless of; whether (or not) (after the volitional form of a verb)
nai
i adjective (negative)
  1. nonexistent; not being (there)
  2. unowned; not had; unpossessed
  3. unique
  4. not; impossible; won't happen (as ...ことがない, etc.; indicates negation, inexperience, unnecessariness or impossibility)
auxiliary adjective
  1. not (after the ren'youkei form of an adjective)
  2. to not be; to have not (after the -te form of a verb)
no
particle
  1. indicates possessive (occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
  2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives
  3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases
  4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion (often ん)
  5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
  6. (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
wo
particle
  1. indicates direct object of action
  2. indicates subject of causative expression
  3. indicates an area traversed
  4. indicates time (period) over which action takes place
  5. indicates point of departure or separation of action
  6. indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
shiru
godan verb, transitive verb
  1. to be aware of; to know; to be conscious of; to cognize; to cognise
  2. to notice; to feel
  3. to understand; to comprehend; to grasp
  4. to remember; to be acquainted with (a procedure)
  5. to experience; to go through; to learn
  6. to be acquainted with (a person); to get to know
  7. to concern
to
particle, conjunction
  1. if; when
  2. and
particle
  1. with
  2. used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
noun
  1. promoted pawn
particle
  1. indicates a question (at sentence end)
kanojo
pronoun
  1. she; her
noun
  1. girlfriend
ha
particle
  1. topic marker particle (pronounced わ in modern Japanese)
  2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
  3. adds emphasis
boukire
noun
  1. stick; piece of wood; billet; piece of a broken pole
bou
noun
  1. pole; rod; stick; baton
  2. line; dash
expression
  1. spoken monotonously
kireru

masu stem

kire
ichidan verb, intransitive verb
  1. to break; to snap; to be cut; to split; to crack
  2. to be injured
  3. to wear out; to be worn out
  4. to break; to burst; to collapse
  5. to wear off; to stop working; to go dead
  6. to expire (time limit, etc.); to run out; to become due
  7. to run out (of stock, etc.); to be exhausted; to be used up; to be sold out; to be out of
  8. to be broken off (e.g. of a relationship); to break up; to have severed ties; to be cut off; to be disconnected
  9. to cut well; to be sharp
  10. to be sharp-minded; to be keen; to be shrewd; to be quick-witted; to be able
  11. to be short of; to drop under (a certain figure); to beat (e.g. a record time)
  12. to dry off
  13. to curve; to veer
  14. to shuffle (cards)
  15. to get angry; to snap; to blow one's top; to lose one's temper; to flip
auxiliary verb, ichidan verb
  1. to be able to do completely (after the -masu stem of a verb)
de
particle
  1. at; in (indicates location of action; にて is the formal literary form)
  2. at; when (indicates time of action)
  3. by; with (indicates means of action)
conjunction
  1. and then; so
auxiliary
  1. and; then (indicates continuing action; alternative form of 〜て used for some verb types)
particle
  1. let me tell you; don't you know (at sentence-end; indicates certainty, emphasis, etc.)
jimen
noun, no adjective
  1. ground; earth's surface
ni
particle
  1. at (place, time); in; on; during
  2. to (direction, state); toward; into
  3. for (purpose)
  4. because of (reason); for; with
  5. by; from
  6. as (i.e. in the role of)
  7. per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month")
  8. and; in addition to
  9. if; although
arufabetto
noun, no adjective
  1. alphabet
wo
particle
  1. indicates direct object of action
  2. indicates subject of causative expression
  3. indicates an area traversed
  4. indicates time (period) over which action takes place
  5. indicates point of departure or separation of action
  6. indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
kaku

Plain Past Indicative Form

kaita
godan verb, transitive verb
  1. to write; to compose; to pen
  2. to draw; to paint

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