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Furigana Show|Add to ▼ Source Totoeba Project
Many of Europe's metropolises are plagued by the doughnut phenomenon.
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Vocabulary list

yooroppa
noun
  1. Europe
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no
particle
  1. indicates possessive (occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
  2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives
  3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases
  4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion (often ん)
  5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
  6. (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
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shuyoutoshi
noun, no adjective
  1. major city
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shuyou
na adjective, noun
  1. chief; main; principal; major
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toshi
noun, no adjective
  1. town; city; municipal; urban
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no
particle
  1. indicates possessive (occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
  2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives
  3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases
  4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion (often ん)
  5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
  6. (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
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ooku
noun, adverb, no adjective
  1. many; much; plenty; a lot
noun
  1. majority (of); greater part (of)
adverb
  1. mostly; mainly; chiefly; usually; often
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ha
particle
  1. topic marker particle (pronounced わ in modern Japanese)
  2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
  3. adds emphasis
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doonatsukagenshou
noun
  1. doughnut phenomenon; combination of urban sprawl and inner-city decay
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doonatsu
noun
  1. doughnut; donut
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ka
suffix
  1. action of making something; -ification
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genshou
noun
  1. phenomenon
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ni
particle
  1. at (place, time); in; on; during
  2. to (direction, state); toward; into
  3. for (purpose)
  4. because of (reason); for; with
  5. by; from
  6. as (i.e. in the role of)
  7. per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month")
  8. and; in addition to
  9. if; although
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nayamasu

Passive Plain te-form

nayamasarete
godan verb, transitive verb
  1. to afflict; to torment; to harass; to molest
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Suffix after the te form of a verb
iru
ichidan verb, auxiliary verb
  1. to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing (after the -te form of a verb; indicates continuing action or state)
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