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Furigana Show|Add to ▼ Source Totoeba Project
The Japanese distribution system, characterized by layers of wholesale, is complex and costly.
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Vocabulary list

iku
noun, suru verb
  1. reverence; awe; fear
sou
noun, noun, used as a suffix
  1. layer; stratum; seam; bed
  2. class; stratum; bracket; group
  3. sheaf
counter
  1. counter for stories (of a building)
mo
particle
  1. too; also; in addition; as well; (not) either (in a negative sentence)
  2. both A and B; A as well as B; neither A nor B (in a negative sentence) (as AもBも)
  3. even; as much as; as many as; as far as; as long as; no less than; no fewer than (used for emphasis or to express absence of doubt regarding a quantity, etc.)
  4. even if; even though; although; in spite of (often as 〜ても, 〜でも, 〜とも, etc.)
adverb
  1. further; more; again; another; the other
no
particle
  1. indicates possessive (occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
  2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives
  3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases
  4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion (often ん)
  5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
  6. (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
oroshigyousha
noun
  1. distributor (of goods)
no
particle
  1. indicates possessive (occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
  2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives
  3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases
  4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion (often ん)
  5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
  6. (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
sonzai
noun, suru verb, no adjective
  1. existence; being
ga
particle
  1. indicates sentence subject (occasionally object)
  2. indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions)
conjunction
  1. but; however; still; and
  2. regardless of; whether (or not) (after the volitional form of a verb)
tokushoku
noun
  1. characteristic; feature; idiosyncrasy; personal colour
  2. spot color (in printing)
dearu
copula, godan verb (irregular)
  1. be; is
de
particle
  1. at; in (indicates location of action; にて is the formal literary form)
  2. at; when (indicates time of action)
  3. by; with (indicates means of action)
conjunction
  1. and then; so
auxiliary
  1. and; then (indicates continuing action; alternative form of 〜て used for some verb types)
particle
  1. let me tell you; don't you know (at sentence-end; indicates certainty, emphasis, etc.)
aru
godan verb (irregular), intransitive verb
  1. to be; to exist; to live (usu. of inanimate objects)
  2. to have
  3. to be located
  4. to be equipped with
  5. to happen; to come about
nippon
noun
  1. Japan
no
particle
  1. indicates possessive (occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
  2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives
  3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases
  4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion (often ん)
  5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
  6. (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
ryuutsuukikou
noun
  1. distribution system
ryuutsuu
noun, suru verb, no adjective
  1. circulation (money, goods, etc.); distribution
noun, suru verb
  1. circulation (air, water, etc.); ventilation; flow
noun or verb acting prenominally
  1. negotiable (e.g. shares); distributional; circulating
kikou
noun
  1. mechanism; organization; organisation
ha
particle
  1. topic marker particle (pronounced わ in modern Japanese)
  2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
  3. adds emphasis
fukuzatsu
na adjective, noun
  1. complex; complicated; intricate; mixed (feelings)
de
particle
  1. at; in (indicates location of action; にて is the formal literary form)
  2. at; when (indicates time of action)
  3. by; with (indicates means of action)
conjunction
  1. and then; so
auxiliary
  1. and; then (indicates continuing action; alternative form of 〜て used for some verb types)
particle
  1. let me tell you; don't you know (at sentence-end; indicates certainty, emphasis, etc.)
mo
particle
  1. too; also; in addition; as well; (not) either (in a negative sentence)
  2. both A and B; A as well as B; neither A nor B (in a negative sentence) (as AもBも)
  3. even; as much as; as many as; as far as; as long as; no less than; no fewer than (used for emphasis or to express absence of doubt regarding a quantity, etc.)
  4. even if; even though; although; in spite of (often as 〜ても, 〜でも, 〜とも, etc.)
adverb
  1. further; more; again; another; the other
kakaru
godan verb, intransitive verb
  1. to take (a resource, e.g. time or money)
godan verb
  1. to hang
  2. to come into view; to arrive
  3. to come under (a contract, a tax)
  4. to start (engines, motors)
  5. to attend; to deal with; to handle
godan verb, auxiliary verb
  1. to have started to; to be on the verge of
godan verb
  1. to overlap (e.g. information in a manual); to cover
godan verb, auxiliary verb
  1. to (come) at
godan verb
  1. to be fastened
  2. to be covered (e.g. with dust, a table-cloth, etc.)
  3. to be caught in
  4. to get a call
  5. to depend on

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