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A child who is a native speaker usually knows many things about his or her language that a non-native speaker who has been studying for years still does not know and perhaps will never know.
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Vocabulary list

neitibu
na adjective, noun
  1. native
noun
  1. native speaker
no
particle
  1. indicates possessive (occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
  2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives
  3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases
  4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion (often ん)
  5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
  6. (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
ha
particle
  1. topic marker particle (pronounced わ in modern Japanese)
  2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
  3. adds emphasis
nannen
noun
  1. how many years; how long
  2. what year
nan
pronoun
  1. what
prefix
  1. how many (followed by a counter)
  2. many; a lot of (followed by (optional number), counter and も)
  3. several; a few; some (followed by a counter and か)
nen
noun
  1. year
counter
  1. counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school)
noun
  1. period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
mo
particle
  1. too; also; in addition; as well; (not) either (in a negative sentence)
  2. both A and B; A as well as B; neither A nor B (in a negative sentence) (as AもBも)
  3. even; as much as; as many as; as far as; as long as; no less than; no fewer than (used for emphasis or to express absence of doubt regarding a quantity, etc.)
  4. even if; even though; although; in spite of (often as 〜ても, 〜でも, 〜とも, etc.)
adverb
  1. further; more; again; another; the other
manabu

Plain Past Indicative Form

mananda
godan verb
  1. to study (in depth); to learn; to take lessons in
hi
noun
  1. fault; error; mistake
  2. going poorly; being disadvantageous; being unfavorable
prefix
  1. un-; non-; an-
neitibu
na adjective, noun
  1. native
noun
  1. native speaker
ga
particle
  1. indicates sentence subject (occasionally object)
  2. indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions)
conjunction
  1. but; however; still; and
  2. regardless of; whether (or not) (after the volitional form of a verb)
shiru

Formal Present Indicative Negative Form

shirazu
godan verb, transitive verb
  1. to be aware of; to know; to be conscious of; to cognize; to cognise
  2. to notice; to feel
  3. to understand; to comprehend; to grasp
  4. to remember; to be acquainted with (a procedure)
  5. to experience; to go through; to learn
  6. to be acquainted with (a person); to get to know
  7. to concern
kongo
noun, adverb
  1. from now on; hereafter
mo
particle
  1. too; also; in addition; as well; (not) either (in a negative sentence)
  2. both A and B; A as well as B; neither A nor B (in a negative sentence) (as AもBも)
  3. even; as much as; as many as; as far as; as long as; no less than; no fewer than (used for emphasis or to express absence of doubt regarding a quantity, etc.)
  4. even if; even though; although; in spite of (often as 〜ても, 〜でも, 〜とも, etc.)
adverb
  1. further; more; again; another; the other
shirieru

Plain Present Indicative Negative Form

shirienai
ichidan verb
  1. to acquire knowledge
shiru

masu stem

shiri
godan verb, transitive verb
  1. to be aware of; to know; to be conscious of; to cognize; to cognise
  2. to notice; to feel
  3. to understand; to comprehend; to grasp
  4. to remember; to be acquainted with (a procedure)
  5. to experience; to go through; to learn
  6. to be acquainted with (a person); to get to know
  7. to concern
Suffix after the masu stem of a verb
eru

Plain Present Indicative Negative Form

enai
auxiliary verb, ichidan verb, transitive verb
  1. to be able to ..., can ... (after the -masu stem of a verb)
takusan
no adjective, na adjective, noun, adverb
  1. a lot; lots; plenty; many; a large number; much; a great deal; a good deal
  2. enough; sufficient
noun, used as a suffix
  1. enough; too many; too much (after a noun; usu. read as だくさん)
no
particle
  1. indicates possessive (occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
  2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives
  3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases
  4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion (often ん)
  5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
  6. (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
koto
noun
  1. thing; matter
  2. incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis
  3. circumstances; situation; state of affairs
  4. work; business; affair
  5. after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to
noun, used as a suffix
  1. nominalizing suffix
  2. pretending to ...; playing make-believe ...
noun
  1. alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or (as AことB (A = alias, B = real name))
  2. necessity; need (as 〜ことはない)
  3. you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ... (as 〜ことだ)
wo
particle
  1. indicates direct object of action
  2. indicates subject of causative expression
  3. indicates an area traversed
  4. indicates time (period) over which action takes place
  5. indicates point of departure or separation of action
  6. indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
jishin
noun, noun, used as a suffix
  1. (one's) self; oneself
no
particle
  1. indicates possessive (occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
  2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives
  3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases
  4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion (often ん)
  5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
  6. (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
gengo
noun
  1. language
nitsuite
expression
  1. concerning; regarding
  2. per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
shiru

te-form

shitte
godan verb, transitive verb
  1. to be aware of; to know; to be conscious of; to cognize; to cognise
  2. to notice; to feel
  3. to understand; to comprehend; to grasp
  4. to remember; to be acquainted with (a procedure)
  5. to experience; to go through; to learn
  6. to be acquainted with (a person); to get to know
  7. to concern
Suffix after the te form of a verb
iru
ichidan verb, auxiliary verb
  1. to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing (after the -te form of a verb; indicates continuing action or state)
mono
noun
  1. thing; object; article; stuff; substance
  2. one's things; possessions; property; belongings (as 〜のもの, 〜のもん)
  3. things; something; anything; everything; nothing
  4. quality
  5. reason; the way of things
  6. used to emphasize emotion, judgment, etc.; used to indicate a common occurrence in the past (after a verb in past tense); used to indicate a general tendency; used to indicate something that should happen (formal noun often used as 〜ものだ)
noun, used as a suffix
  1. item classified as ...; item related to ...; work in the genre of ...
  2. cause of ...; cause for ...
prefix
  1. somehow; somewhat; for some reason
  2. really; truly
da
copula
  1. be; is (plain copula)
auxiliary verb
  1. did; (have) done (た after certain verb forms; indicates past or completed action)
  2. please; do (indicates light imperative)

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