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Furigana Show|Add to ▼ Source Totoeba Project
Floods, violent wind storms, droughts, killing frosts, and the problems of air pollution have all, on occasion, influenced modern society.
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Vocabulary list

kouzui
noun
  1. flood; flooding
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hageshii
i adjective
  1. violent; furious; tempestuous
  2. extreme; intense; fierce; strong
  3. fervent; vehement
  4. incessant; relentless
  5. precipitous; steep
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boufuu
noun
  1. storm; windstorm; gale
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hiru

masu stem

hi
ichidan verb, intransitive verb
  1. to dry
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shimo
noun
  1. frost
  2. white hair; grey hair; gray hair
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no
particle
  1. indicates possessive (occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
  2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives
  3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases
  4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion (often ん)
  5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
  6. (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
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reigai
noun
  1. cold-weather damage (to crops)
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kuukiosen
noun
  1. air pollution
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kuuki
noun
  1. air; atmosphere
  2. mood; situation
  3. someone with no presence; someone who doesn't stand out at all
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osen
noun, suru verb
  1. pollution; contamination
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no
particle
  1. indicates possessive (occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
  2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives
  3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases
  4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion (often ん)
  5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
  6. (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
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mondai
noun
  1. question (e.g. on a test); problem
  2. problem (e.g. societal, political); question; issue; subject (e.g. of research); case; matter
  3. question (i.e. doubt)
  4. public discussion; controversy
  5. trouble; problem; inconvenience; difficulty
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nado
particle
  1. et cetera; etc.; and the like; and so forth
  2. or something (after an approximate quote or vague suggestion)
  3. the likes of (lessening the significance or value of the previous word)
  4. for example; for instance; for one
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ha
particle
  1. topic marker particle (pronounced わ in modern Japanese)
  2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
  3. adds emphasis
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subete
noun, no adjective
  1. everything; all; the whole
adverb
  1. entirely; completely; wholly; all
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gendaishakai
noun
  1. modern society
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gendai
noun, no adjective
  1. present age; present day; today
  2. modern era; modern times
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shakai
noun
  1. society; public; community; the world
  2. social studies
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ni
particle
  1. at (place, time); in; on; during
  2. to (direction, state); toward; into
  3. for (purpose)
  4. because of (reason); for; with
  5. by; from
  6. as (i.e. in the role of)
  7. per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month")
  8. and; in addition to
  9. if; although
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shibashiba
adverb
  1. often; again and again; frequently; repeatedly
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shibashiba
suru verb, adverb
  1. (blinking) repeatedly
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eikyou
noun
  1. influence; effect
suru verb
  1. to influence; to affect; to have an influence on; to impact; to have an effect on
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wo
particle
  1. indicates direct object of action
  2. indicates subject of causative expression
  3. indicates an area traversed
  4. indicates time (period) over which action takes place
  5. indicates point of departure or separation of action
  6. indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
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ataeru

te-form

ataete
ichidan verb, transitive verb
  1. to give (esp. to someone of lower status); to bestow; to grant; to confer; to present; to award
  2. to provide; to afford; to offer; to supply
  3. to assign
  4. to cause
  5. to pass (a variable to a function)
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Suffix after the te form of a verb
iru
ichidan verb, auxiliary verb
  1. to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing (after the -te form of a verb; indicates continuing action or state)
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