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Vocabulary list

kono
pre-noun adjectival
  1. this (something or someone close to the speaker (including the speaker), or ideas expressed by the speaker)
  2. last (couple of years, etc.); these; past; this (in ref. to a stretch of time or date)
  3. you (as in "you liar") (emphatic, accusatory, insulting)
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reibun
noun
  1. example sentence; illustrative sentence; model sentence
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ha
particle
  1. topic marker particle (pronounced わ in modern Japanese)
  2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
  3. adds emphasis
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kakikata
noun
  1. way of writing; manner of writing
  2. penmanship (esp. used in old textbooks); calligraphy
  3. format (e.g. of a report)
  4. stroke order of a character
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no
particle
  1. indicates possessive (occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
  2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives
  3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases
  4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion (often ん)
  5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
  6. (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
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sanpuru
noun
  1. sample; example; specimen
  2. display model (e.g. plastic food models used by restaurants)
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na
particle
  1. don't (prohibitive; used with dictionary form verb)
  2. do (imperative (from なさい); used with -masu stem of verb)
interjection
  1. hey; listen; you
particle
  1. now, ...; well, ...; I tell you!; you know (when seeking confirmation, for emphasis, etc.; used at sentence end)
  2. wow; ooh (used to express admiration, emotionality, etc.; used at sentence end)
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node
particle
  1. that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
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hitsuyou
na adjective
  1. necessary; needed; essential; indispensable (必用 can imply has to be used rather than is just needed)
noun
  1. necessity; need; requirement
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nioujite
expression
  1. depending on; dependent on
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ni
particle
  1. at (place, time); in; on; during
  2. to (direction, state); toward; into
  3. for (purpose)
  4. because of (reason); for; with
  5. by; from
  6. as (i.e. in the role of)
  7. per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month")
  8. and; in addition to
  9. if; although
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oujiru

te-form

oujite
ichidan verb, intransitive verb
  1. to respond; to satisfy; to accept; to comply with; to apply for
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naiyou
noun
  1. contents; content; substance; matter; detail; import
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wo
particle
  1. indicates direct object of action
  2. indicates subject of causative expression
  3. indicates an area traversed
  4. indicates time (period) over which action takes place
  5. indicates point of departure or separation of action
  6. indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
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tsuikasakujo
noun
  1. additions and deletions; adding and deleting; revisions; revising
suru verb
  1. to add and to delete; to revise
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tsuika
noun, suru verb, no adjective
  1. addition; supplement; appending; appendix
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sakujo
noun, suru verb
  1. deletion; elimination; erasure; striking out
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wo
particle
  1. indicates direct object of action
  2. indicates subject of causative expression
  3. indicates an area traversed
  4. indicates time (period) over which action takes place
  5. indicates point of departure or separation of action
  6. indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
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suru

te-form

shite
suru verb (irregular)
  1. to do; to carry out; to perform
  2. to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
  3. to serve as; to act as; to work as
  4. to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
  5. to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as (as 〜にする,〜とする)
  6. to decide on; to choose (as 〜にする)
suru verb (irregular), intransitive verb
  1. to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.) (as 〜がする)
  2. to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
  3. to be worth; to cost
  4. to pass (of time); to elapse
suru verb (irregular), transitive verb
  1. to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B (as AをBにする)
  2. to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B (as AをBにする)
  3. to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B (as AをBにする)
  4. to feel A about B (as AをBにする)
suffix, suru verb (irregular)
  1. verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
auxiliary verb, suru verb (irregular)
  1. creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
  2. to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to (as 〜うとする,〜ようとする)
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kara
particle
  1. from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since
  2. from (originator); by
  3. because; since (follows verbs, adjectives)
  4. out of (constituent, part)
  5. through (e.g. window, vestibule)
  6. after; since (following the te-form of a verb)
  7. expresses sympathy or warning
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otsukai
noun
  1. errand; mission; going as envoy
  2. messenger; bearer; errand boy; errand girl
  3. familiar spirit
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o
prefix
  1. honorific/polite/humble prefix (usu. before a term with a kun-yomi reading; おん is more formal)
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tsukai
noun
  1. errand; mission; going as envoy
  2. messenger; bearer; errand boy; errand girl
  3. familiar spirit
noun, used as a suffix, noun, used as a prefix
  1. use; usage; user; trainer; tamer; charmer (often read as づかい when used as a suffix)
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kudasai
expression
  1. please (give me)
  2. please (do for me) (after te-form of a verb or a noun prefixed with o- or go-)
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