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Furigana Show|Add to ▼ Source Totoeba Project
The work of art, I decided, was the final product of human activity, and the final justification for all the misery, the endless toil and the frustrated strivings of humanity.
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Vocabulary list

geijutsusakuhin
noun
  1. work of art; artwork; objet d'art
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geijutsu
noun
  1. (fine) art; the arts
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sakuhin
noun
  1. work (e.g. book, film, composition, etc.); opus; performance; production
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toha
expression, particle
  1. indicates word or phrase being defined
  2. used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.) (indicates contrast or adds emphasis to a negative statement)
  3. with (more emphatic than と)
  4. (not) as much as; (not) so much as (with neg. verb)
  5. the fact that; to think that; such a thing as (indicates surprise, disbelief, anger, etc.; sometimes at sentence end)
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to
particle, conjunction
  1. if; when
  2. and
particle
  1. with
  2. used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
noun
  1. promoted pawn
particle
  1. indicates a question (at sentence end)
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ha
particle
  1. topic marker particle (pronounced わ in modern Japanese)
  2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
  3. adds emphasis
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ningen
noun
  1. human being; human; person; man; mankind; humankind
  2. character (of a person)
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no
particle
  1. indicates possessive (occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
  2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives
  3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases
  4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion (often ん)
  5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
  6. (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
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katsudou
noun, suru verb
  1. activity (of a person, organization, animal, volcano, etc.); action
noun
  1. movie (esp. during the silent movie period)
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no
particle
  1. indicates possessive (occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
  2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives
  3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases
  4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion (often ん)
  5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
  6. (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
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saishuuteki
na adjective
  1. final; eventual; ultimate
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saishuu
noun, no adjective
  1. last; final; closing
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teki
suffix, na adjective
  1. -ical; -ive; -al; -ic; -y (used to form adjectives from nouns)
  2. -like; -ish; -sort of; -kind of
  3. (something) like; along the lines of (used similarly to a quoting particle, esp. as 的な or 的なこと)
  4. -wise; in terms of; for; from the viewpoint of; from a ... standpoint; as far as ... is concerned (after a noun or pronoun, esp. adverbially as ～に(は))
suffix
  1. Mr.; Ms.; Mrs. (used as a form of address with names, work titles, etc. to denote either light disdain or familiarity)
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na
particle
  1. don't (prohibitive; used with dictionary form verb)
  2. do (imperative (from なさい); used with -masu stem of verb)
interjection
  1. hey; listen; you
particle
  1. now, ...; well, ...; I tell you!; you know (when seeking confirmation, for emphasis, etc.; used at sentence end)
  2. wow; ooh (used to express admiration, emotionality, etc.; used at sentence end)
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seisanbutsu
noun
  1. product; produce
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seisan
noun, suru verb
  1. production; manufacture
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butsu
noun
  1. stock; products
  2. stolen goods; loot; spoils
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dearu

masu stem

deari
copula, godan verb (irregular)
  1. be; is
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de
particle
  1. at; in (indicates location of action; にて is the formal literary form)
  2. at; when (indicates time of action)
  3. by; with (indicates means of action)
conjunction
  1. and then; so
auxiliary
  1. and; then (indicates continuing action; alternative form of 〜て used for some verb types)
particle
  1. let me tell you; don't you know (at sentence-end; indicates certainty, emphasis, etc.)
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aru

masu stem

ari
godan verb (irregular), intransitive verb
  1. to be; to exist; to live (usu. of inanimate objects)
  2. to have
  3. to be located
  4. to be equipped with
  5. to happen; to come about
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jinrui
noun
  1. mankind; humanity
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no
particle
  1. indicates possessive (occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
  2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives
  3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases
  4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion (often ん)
  5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
  6. (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
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arayuru
pre-noun adjectival
  1. all; every
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seishinteki
na adjective
  1. mental; spiritual; emotional
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seishin
noun
  1. mind; spirit; soul; heart; ethos
  2. attitude; mentality; will; intention
  3. spirit (of a matter); essence; fundamental significance
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teki
suffix, na adjective
  1. -ical; -ive; -al; -ic; -y (used to form adjectives from nouns)
  2. -like; -ish; -sort of; -kind of
  3. (something) like; along the lines of (used similarly to a quoting particle, esp. as 的な or 的なこと)
  4. -wise; in terms of; for; from the viewpoint of; from a ... standpoint; as far as ... is concerned (after a noun or pronoun, esp. adverbially as ～に(は))
suffix
  1. Mr.; Ms.; Mrs. (used as a form of address with names, work titles, etc. to denote either light disdain or familiarity)
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na
particle
  1. don't (prohibitive; used with dictionary form verb)
  2. do (imperative (from なさい); used with -masu stem of verb)
interjection
  1. hey; listen; you
particle
  1. now, ...; well, ...; I tell you!; you know (when seeking confirmation, for emphasis, etc.; used at sentence end)
  2. wow; ooh (used to express admiration, emotionality, etc.; used at sentence end)
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kutsuu
na adjective, no adjective, noun
  1. pain; agony; bitterness
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to
particle, conjunction
  1. if; when
  2. and
particle
  1. with
  2. used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
noun
  1. promoted pawn
particle
  1. indicates a question (at sentence end)
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hateshinai
i adjective (negative)
  1. endless; boundless; everlasting
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kurou
noun, suru verb
  1. trouble; hardship; difficulty; labour; labor; toil; pains
  2. anxiety; worry; concern; cares
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to
particle, conjunction
  1. if; when
  2. and
particle
  1. with
  2. used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
noun
  1. promoted pawn
particle
  1. indicates a question (at sentence end)
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zasetsu
noun, suru verb
  1. setback; failure (e.g. plans, business); frustration; discouragement
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suru

Plain Past Indicative Form

shita
suru verb (irregular)
  1. to do; to carry out; to perform
  2. to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
  3. to serve as; to act as; to work as
  4. to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
  5. to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as (as 〜にする,〜とする)
  6. to decide on; to choose (as 〜にする)
suru verb (irregular), intransitive verb
  1. to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.) (as 〜がする)
  2. to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
  3. to be worth; to cost
  4. to pass (of time); to elapse
suru verb (irregular), transitive verb
  1. to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B (as AをBにする)
  2. to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B (as AをBにする)
  3. to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B (as AをBにする)
  4. to feel A about B (as AをBにする)
suffix, suru verb (irregular)
  1. verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
auxiliary verb, suru verb (irregular)
  1. creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
  2. to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to (as 〜うとする,〜ようとする)
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doryoku
noun, suru verb
  1. effort; exertion; endeavour; endeavor; hard work; striving
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wo
particle
  1. indicates direct object of action
  2. indicates subject of causative expression
  3. indicates an area traversed
  4. indicates time (period) over which action takes place
  5. indicates point of departure or separation of action
  6. indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
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saigo
noun
  1. end; conclusion
no adjective
  1. last; final; latest; most recent
expression
  1. no sooner than; once; right after (often having negative consequences) (after -tara form or -ta form followed by "ga")
noun
  1. one's final moments
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ni
particle
  1. at (place, time); in; on; during
  2. to (direction, state); toward; into
  3. for (purpose)
  4. because of (reason); for; with
  5. by; from
  6. as (i.e. in the role of)
  7. per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month")
  8. and; in addition to
  9. if; although
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seitouka
noun, suru verb
  1. justification; warrant
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seitou
na adjective, noun
  1. just; justifiable; right; due; proper; equitable; reasonable; legitimate; legal; lawful
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kasuru

te-form

kashite
suru verb (special class), suffix
  1. to change into; to convert into; to transform; to be reduced; to influence; to improve (someone)
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ka
suffix
  1. action of making something; -ification
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suru

te-form

shite
suru verb (irregular)
  1. to do; to carry out; to perform
  2. to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)
  3. to serve as; to act as; to work as
  4. to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
  5. to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as (as 〜にする,〜とする)
  6. to decide on; to choose (as 〜にする)
suru verb (irregular), intransitive verb
  1. to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.) (as 〜がする)
  2. to be (in a state, condition, etc.)
  3. to be worth; to cost
  4. to pass (of time); to elapse
suru verb (irregular), transitive verb
  1. to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B (as AをBにする)
  2. to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B (as AをBにする)
  3. to make use of A for B; to view A as B; to handle A as if it were B (as AをBにする)
  4. to feel A about B (as AをBにする)
suffix, suru verb (irregular)
  1. verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs")
auxiliary verb, suru verb (irregular)
  1. creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go")
  2. to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to (as 〜うとする,〜ようとする)
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Suffix after the te form of a verb
kureru
auxiliary verb, ichidan verb
  1. to do for one; to take the trouble to do (after the -te form of a verb)
  2. to do to someone's disadvantage (after the -te form of a verb)
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mono
noun
  1. thing; object; article; stuff; substance
  2. one's things; possessions; property; belongings (as 〜のもの, 〜のもん)
  3. things; something; anything; everything; nothing
  4. quality
  5. reason; the way of things
  6. used to emphasize emotion, judgment, etc.; used to indicate a common occurrence in the past (after a verb in past tense); used to indicate a general tendency; used to indicate something that should happen (formal noun often used as 〜ものだ)
noun, used as a suffix
  1. item classified as ...; item related to ...; work in the genre of ...
  2. cause of ...; cause for ...
prefix
  1. somehow; somewhat; for some reason
  2. really; truly
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nanoda
auxiliary
  1. it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
  2. did not ... (after the -nai stem of a verb)
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nano
expression
  1. that's the way it is; yes (at sentence-end with falling intonation; used to make an assertion)
  2. is that so?; is it? (at sentence-end with rising intonation)
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na
particle
  1. don't (prohibitive; used with dictionary form verb)
  2. do (imperative (from なさい); used with -masu stem of verb)
interjection
  1. hey; listen; you
particle
  1. now, ...; well, ...; I tell you!; you know (when seeking confirmation, for emphasis, etc.; used at sentence end)
  2. wow; ooh (used to express admiration, emotionality, etc.; used at sentence end)
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noda
expression
  1. the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ... (の and ん add emphasis)
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no
particle
  1. indicates possessive (occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
  2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives
  3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases
  4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion (often ん)
  5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
  6. (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
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da
copula
  1. be; is (plain copula)
auxiliary verb
  1. did; (have) done (た after certain verb forms; indicates past or completed action)
  2. please; do (indicates light imperative)
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to
particle, conjunction
  1. if; when
  2. and
particle
  1. with
  2. used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
noun
  1. promoted pawn
particle
  1. indicates a question (at sentence end)
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watashi
pronoun
  1. I; me (slightly formal or feminine)
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ha
particle
  1. topic marker particle (pronounced わ in modern Japanese)
  2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
  3. adds emphasis
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omou

te-form

omotte
godan verb, transitive verb
  1. to think; to consider; to believe; to reckon (想う has connotations of heart-felt)
  2. to think (of doing); to plan (to do)
  3. to judge; to assess; to regard
  4. to imagine; to suppose; to dream
  5. to expect; to look forward to
  6. to feel; to be (in a state of mind); to desire; to want
  7. to recall; to remember
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Suffix after the te form of a verb
iru

Plain Past Indicative Form

ita
ichidan verb, auxiliary verb
  1. to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing (after the -te form of a verb; indicates continuing action or state)
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